I often hear the question, "how many graphs or charts should I have
in my business plan?" As with most other business planning questions,
the answer is "it depends." This article discusses the key factors
influencing the number of graphs and charts to include in your
business plan.
To begin, the key point to consider in developing your business
plan is the time restraints of your audience. If your audience is a
retired angel investor, he may have few obligations and can spend an
hour reviewing your business plan. However, the more likely scenario
is that a venture capitalist, corporate investor or loan officer will
review your plan while sitting at a desk topped with fifty other
business plans. As such, it is critical that your plan conveys its key
points quickly and easily - this is where graphs or charts come in.
In determining whether to use a graph or chart, consider the old
adage, "a picture is worth a thousand words." The point here is that
the picture should save a thousand words. That is, the graph or chart
should supplement the text; it should not be explained ad nauseum in
the text, or that defeats its purpose. Likewise, the graph or chart
must be relevant and support the text, rather than detract from it.
In addition to respecting the time constraints of the audience, the
business plan must respect the audience's energy level. That is, after
reading seven business plans, an investor is likely to skip a page
with 400 words of straight text. Even if no charts are applicable to
support the page, Growthink suggests using appropriate spacing and/or
callout boxes (e.g., key text phrases highlighted in boxes) to make
the page more readable.
Finally, if the business plan is only being presented to a single
or a small number of investors, the amount of graphs and charts should
reflect the wants, needs and sophistication of those few readers. For
instance, if the plan is being presented only to strategic investors
who understand the market, graphs can be used to convey information
for which these investors may already have background knowledge.
Conversely, always keep in mind that the plan is not a slide
presentation, and too many graphs and charts may position the company
as one that is too lazy to complete the process of developing a formal
business plan.
To summarize, the amount of charts and graphs used in the business
plan must reflect the audience for the plan; an audience that is
usually time and energy constrained. The charts and graphs must
complement the text, enable the audience to quickly and easily digest
the information, and as always, interest the audience in taking the
next step (e.g., scheduling an in-person
meeting) in the investment process.
Growthink develops strategic business plans, conducts market research,
and builds financial models for growing ventures. To date, Growthink
has developed over 200 business plans for clients who have raised over
$750 million in venture capital.
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